Some Epidemiologic Criteria and Outcome of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in Child's Central Teaching Hospital
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia comprises only 15% to 20% of the acute leukemia in children. It remains challenging disease with an inferior treatment outcome compared with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Objectives: To determine some risk factors (age, gender, initial white blood count and morphologic subtype) and outcome of acute myelogenous leukemia in childhood.
Methods: A retrospective study conducted in the Child's Central Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, including all patients who were diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia from the 1st of Jan 2003 to the 31st of Dec 2006 and the final review of files was on 1st of Jan 2008
Results: Out of 309 patients with acute leukemia, fifty nine (19%) had acute myeloid leukemia. The mean age at presentation was 6.8 years, with Male : Female = 1.18:1. Three patients died before receiving treatment. Fifty six patients received treatment, they were divided into two groups, 41 patients received acute myeloid leukemia protocol applied in Child's Central Teaching Hospital, had event-free survival of n=1/41 (2.44%), and 15 patients who had acute myeloid leukemia-M3 subtype were treated with acute promyelocytic leukemia protocol and had EFS of n=5/15 (33.33%). The overall death rate (from 2003 to 2008) was n=33/59 (55.93%), the main cause of death was infection followed by bleeding. There was high rate of patients lost to follow-up (during any period after started treatment) n=17/56 (30.36%). Patients with initial WBC count <100×109/L and ?100×109/L, had event-free survival of 10.71% and 0%, respectively. Event-free survival for acute myeloid leukemia-M1 was 100%; for acute myeloid leukemia-M3 was 33.33%; while for all other subtypes was 0%
Conclusion: The patients with initial WBC count <100×109/L, acute myeloid leukemia-M1 and M3 subtypes have better outcome, while there was no significant correlation between gender, age group and outcome.
Keywords: Acute myelogeneous leukemia, Children, Iraq
Copyright (c) 2011 Iraqi Medical Journal
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