Anthropometric Measurements as Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors Did Not Associate with Echocardiography Determinants in Type 2 Diabetes Ismail Ibrahim Hussein* PhD
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes are risk factors for cardiovascular events. Anthropometric measurements are considered as independent risk factors for these events.
Objectives: To assess the link between anthropometric measurements that are considered as risk factors for cardiovascular events and echocardiography determinants in type 2 diabetes.
Methods: A total number of 50 type 2 diabetes patients (20 males and 30 females) with a mean age of 58.8 years were included in this study. Anthropometric measurements that related to the cardio-metabolic risk factors were determined. These included height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, neck circumference and mid-thigh. Echocardiography investigation using B-mode (2-4 MHz frequency) was established. The following echocardiography data were obtained: shortening fraction (%), stroke volume (ml), ejection fraction (%), end systolic volume (ml), end diastolic volume (ml), left ventricular posterior wall (systole). Left ventricular diastolic function assessed by measuring E/A ratio using pulse wave Doppler.
Results: Forty seven (94%) patients have value of BMI 32.5 kg/m2 and 64% have waist circumference ≥ 102 cm. Low mid-thigh and high neck circumferences were found in 88% and 72%, respectively. Echocardiography data showed the patients have the lower limit of normal ejection fraction (%). Abnormal E/A ratio have been observed in 10% of cases. Ejection fraction, stroke volume, end systolic, and diastolic volume did not correlate with anthropometric measurements which are related to cardio-metabolic risk factors.
Conclusion: Abnormal echocardiograph data in type 2 diabetes are unlikely to be attributed to the impact of obesity or to the any anthropometric measurements that linked to cardio-metabolic risk factors.
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